Overview of Permalloy
Permalloy typically refers to iron-nickel alloys with nickel content ranging from 30% to 90%. It is a widely used soft magnetic alloy. Through appropriate processing techniques, its magnetic properties can be effectively controlled—for example, an initial permeability exceeding 105, a high permeability surpassing 106, a coercivity as low as 2‰ Oersted, and a rectangularity factor close to 1 or nearly zero. Permalloys, which have a face-centered cubic crystal structure, exhibit excellent ductility and can be fabricated into ultra-thin ribbons as thin as 1 μm, as well as various other forms suitable for different applications. Commonly used alloys include 1J50, 1J79, and 1J85.
The saturation magnetic induction intensity of 1J50 is slightly lower than that of silicon steel, but its permeability is dozens of times higher than that of silicon steel, and its iron loss is 2 to 3 times lower than that of silicon steel. When used to make transformers operating at relatively high frequencies (400–8000 Hz), these transformers exhibit low no-load current, making them well-suited for small, high-frequency transformers rated below 100 W. 1J79 boasts excellent overall performance and is ideal for high-frequency, low-voltage transformers, as well as for the cores of leakage protection switches, common-mode inductors, and current transformers. The initial permeability of 1J85 can reach over 100,000 (10⁵), making it particularly suitable for use in low- or high-frequency input-output transformers for weak signals, common-mode inductors, and high-precision current transformers.
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